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The analysis of rich catalogues of genetic variation from population-based sequencing provides an opportunity to screen for functional effects. Here we report a rare variant in APOC3 (rs138326449-A, minor allele frequency ~0.25% (UK)) associated with plasma triglyceride (TG) levels (-1.43 s.d. (s.e.=0.27 per minor allele (P-value=8.0 × 10(-8))) discovered in 3,202 individuals with low read-depth, whole-genome sequence. We replicate this in 12,831 participants from five additional samples of Northern and Southern European origin (-1.0 s.d. (s.e.=0.173), P-value=7.32 × 10(-9)). This is consistent with an effect between 0.5 and 1.5 mmol l(-1) dependent on population. We show that a single predicted splice donor variant is responsible for association signals and is independent of known common variants. Analyses suggest an independent relationship between rs138326449 and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels. This represents one of the first examples of a rare, large effect variant identified from whole-genome sequencing at a population scale.

Original publication

DOI

10.1038/ncomms5871

Type

Journal article

Journal

Nat Commun

Publication Date

16/09/2014

Volume

5

Keywords

Alleles, Alternative Splicing, Apolipoprotein C-III, Child, European Continental Ancestry Group, Female, Gene Frequency, Humans, Lipoproteins, HDL, Lipoproteins, VLDL, Male, Middle Aged, Polymorphism, Genetic, Triglycerides, Twins