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Non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) are highly prevalent food-borne pathogens. Recently, a highly invasive, multi-drug resistant S. Typhimurium, ST313, emerged as a major cause of bacteraemia in children and immunosuppressed adults, however the pathogenic mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we utilize invasive and non-invasive Salmonella strains combined with single-cell RNA-sequencing to study the transcriptome of individual infected and bystander monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MoDCs) implicated in disseminating invasive ST313. Compared with non-invasive Salmonella, ST313 directs a highly heterogeneous innate immune response. Bystander MoDCs exhibit a hyper-activated profile potentially diverting adaptive immunity away from infected cells. MoDCs harbouring invasive Salmonella display higher expression of IL10 and MARCH1 concomitant with lower expression of CD83 to evade adaptive immune detection. Finally, we demonstrate how these mechanisms conjointly restrain MoDC-mediated activation of Salmonella-specific CD4+ T cell clones. Here, we show how invasive ST313 exploits discrete evasion strategies within infected and bystander MoDCs to mediate its dissemination in vivo.

Original publication

DOI

10.1038/s41467-018-07329-0

Type

Journal article

Journal

Nat Commun

Publication Date

19/11/2018

Volume

9

Keywords

Adaptive Immunity, Antigens, CD, Bystander Effect, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Cell Differentiation, Cell Lineage, Dendritic Cells, Gene Expression Profiling, Gene Expression Regulation, Humans, Immune Evasion, Immunity, Innate, Immunoglobulins, Interleukin-10, Membrane Glycoproteins, Monocytes, Primary Cell Culture, Salmonella typhimurium, Signal Transduction, Single-Cell Analysis, Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases