A common haplotype lowers PU.1 expression in myeloid cells and delays onset of Alzheimer's disease.
Huang K-L., Marcora E., Pimenova AA., Di Narzo AF., Kapoor M., Jin SC., Harari O., Bertelsen S., Fairfax BP., Czajkowski J., Chouraki V., Grenier-Boley B., Bellenguez C., Deming Y., McKenzie A., Raj T., Renton AE., Budde J., Smith A., Fitzpatrick A., Bis JC., DeStefano A., Adams HHH., Ikram MA., van der Lee S., Del-Aguila JL., Fernandez MV., Ibañez L., International Genomics of Alzheimer's Project None., Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative None., Sims R., Escott-Price V., Mayeux R., Haines JL., Farrer LA., Pericak-Vance MA., Lambert JC., van Duijn C., Launer L., Seshadri S., Williams J., Amouyel P., Schellenberg GD., Zhang B., Borecki I., Kauwe JSK., Cruchaga C., Hao K., Goate AM.
A genome-wide survival analysis of 14,406 Alzheimer's disease (AD) cases and 25,849 controls identified eight previously reported AD risk loci and 14 novel loci associated with age at onset. Linkage disequilibrium score regression of 220 cell types implicated the regulation of myeloid gene expression in AD risk. The minor allele of rs1057233 (G), within the previously reported CELF1 AD risk locus, showed association with delayed AD onset and lower expression of SPI1 in monocytes and macrophages. SPI1 encodes PU.1, a transcription factor critical for myeloid cell development and function. AD heritability was enriched within the PU.1 cistrome, implicating a myeloid PU.1 target gene network in AD. Finally, experimentally altered PU.1 levels affected the expression of mouse orthologs of many AD risk genes and the phagocytic activity of mouse microglial cells. Our results suggest that lower SPI1 expression reduces AD risk by regulating myeloid gene expression and cell function.