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BACKGROUND: von Willebrand factor (VWF) levels in healthy individuals are influenced by variations in genetic loci other than the VWF gene, whose contribution to VWF levels in patients with von Willebrand disease (VWD) is largely unknown. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the association between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), VWF levels, and bleeding phenotype. PATIENTS/METHODS: In 364 type 1 VWD and 240 type 2 VWD patients from the nationwide cross-sectional 'Willebrand in The Netherlands' (WiN) study, we studied the association between eight SNPs in STXBP5, SCARA5, ABO, VWF, STAB2, STX2, TC2N, and CLEC4M, and VWF antigen (VWF:Ag), VWF activity (VWF:Act), and bleeding phenotype as assessed with the Tosetto bleeding score. RESULTS: In type 1 patients, STXBP5 was associated with a lower VWF:Ag level (adjusted difference of -3.0 IU dL(-1) per allele; 95% confidence interval [CI] -6.0 to 0.1) and CLEC4M with both a lower VWF:Ag level (-4.3 IU dL(-1) per allele; 95% CI -7.9 to -0.6) and lower VWF:Act (-5.7 IU dL(-1) per allele; 95% CI -10.9 to -0.5). In type 2 patients, none of the SNPs was associated with VWF levels. None of the genetic variants was associated with bleeding score. CONCLUSIONS: Genetic variations in STXBP5 and CLEC4M are associated with VWF level variation in type 1 VWD, but not in type 2 VWD. This study increases our understanding of the pathophysiology of VWD, and provides a further indication of the involvement of STXBP5 and CLEC4M in determining VWF levels in VWD.

Original publication

DOI

10.1111/jth.12927

Type

Journal article

Journal

J Thromb Haemost

Publication Date

06/2015

Volume

13

Pages

956 - 966

Keywords

CLEC4M protein, human, STXBP5 protein, human, polymorphism, single nucleotide, von Willebrand disease, von Willebrand factor, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Biomarkers, Blood Coagulation, Blood Coagulation Tests, Cell Adhesion Molecules, Child, Child, Preschool, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Gene Frequency, Genetic Association Studies, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Hemorrhage, Humans, Infant, Lectins, C-Type, Male, Middle Aged, Molecular Diagnostic Techniques, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Netherlands, Phenotype, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, R-SNARE Proteins, Receptors, Cell Surface, Risk Factors, Young Adult, von Willebrand Disease, Type 1, von Willebrand Disease, Type 2, von Willebrand Factor